Introduction to the technical technology of cell culture fermenter

The cell culture fermenter is a piece of equipment that serves the microbial fermentation process and plays a role in cell culture, protein expression,biochemical research, and pharmaceuticals. Unlike petri dishes, fermenters in biotechnology are larger in size, capable of large-scale, high-density, and continuous fermentation processes, and have automated management and data collection functions that greatly reduce the burden of manual operation.

Cell culture fermenters refer to equipment or systems that cultivate plants, animals and bacterial products. It is mainly used in animal and plant cell culture, microcarling culture, and genetically modified pharmaceutical engineering. There are currently many applications in the field of life sciences and biopharmaceuticals.

In the actual process, “cell culture” now more refers to the cultivation of cells from multi -cell nuclear creatures, especially animal cells, plant cells, and tissue engineering. Although it can be called a cell culture fermenter, the equipment configuration of the cultivation is still very different.

1. mammalian cell culture fermenter

The typical oxygen demand in the mammalian cell culture is 10 ~ 50 times lower than the oxygen demand in microorganisms, but the cells are very sensitive to shear stress, not only the shear force of mixing Or cause cell death. These characteristics have applied many specific limits for the design and operation of mammalian cell culture fermentation tanks. Therefore, when selecting and optimizing the design of fermentation tanks, it should be considered not only stirring, air distribution, but also including cultivation. At the source and other sources, we can create the optimal conditions for the mammalian cell culture as much as possible.

2. Non -mammalian cell culture fermenter

Non -mammalian cell culture includes plant cell culture, insect cell culture, bacteria and yeast culture and virus culture. The cultivation of bacteria and yeast has many chapters mentioned, and we will not repeat them here.

Virus culture needs to cultivate cells that need to cultivate mammals, plants, bacteria, etc. as hosts who grow and copy and copy. Insect bacterial culture is a emerging technology of biopharmaceuticals. At present, more than 100 insect cells can be used for reorganization of protein production, such as from silkworms. Cells such as fruit flies. Plant cell culture is usually growing in the form of cell suspension culture in the liquid medium, or it grows in the form of healing tissue medium in solid medium.

In the past ten years, the industrialization process of genetic engineering reorganization has promoted the rapid development of fermenter in biotechnology. For cell culture fermenters, fermentation tanks have developed many different types of new biological reactors. , Honethal fiber tube fermentation tank, gas lift fermentation tank, non -foam mixing fermentation tank and dialysis fermentation tank.

Here are two important animal cell culture fermenters:

Stirring tank bioreactor

The stirring tank bioreactor provides a mixing power by stirring pulp. It has a large range of manipulation range, good mixedness and concentration average. Therefore, the most widely used in fermenters in biotechnology is it. The stirring tank bioreactors in the animal cell culture fermenter are improved through improvement, including improving oxygen supply methods, the form of mixing pulp, and adding auxiliary subsidies in the fermentation tank. The main difference between the biological reactor of various animal cells is to cultivate the biological reactor of the mixing tank is the structure of the mixer.

These stirrers are mainly stick -shaped, paddle -shaped, and cylindrical shapes. The mixing methods mainly include surface stirring, deep stirring, and airflow stirring; the power source is driven by magnetic or electric thought.

Airlift fermenter

Airlift fermenters are also one of the common equipment for realizing high -density culture of animal cells, especially in combining the cultivation of sensitive cells. Compared with the biological reactor of the stirring tank bioreactor, the airlift fermenter is docile and average, and the shear force is small. There is no mechanical motion component in the device, so the cell control rate is relatively low; High rates; large amounts of liquid cycle, so that cells and nutrients can be evenly distributed in the medium.

The difference between cell culture fermenter and bacterial fermenter

• Stirring paddle: The cell tolerance is low, so the mixing paddle of cell culture fermenteris a special patented product. For example, there are 5 kinds of mixing paddles in the NBS bioreactor. Impeller, the stirring power is also small;
• Ventilation: Cell culture fermentermust be equipped with 4 gas (air, oxygen, nitrogen, and secondary switching, gas distributioner and mixing paddle design. No bubble ventilation ring device, avoid the shear force caused by bubble rupture to the cells of the cells Damage; cells are affected by the shear force, so the amount of ventilation in cell culture fermentermust be small, and the distribution must be uniform;
• Airtightness: Animal cells need to be cultivated by the wall, so many cell culture fermentersare used with microcontroller. Due to the long cycle of cell culture, the qi density needs to be fermented than microorganisms;
• Controller: The cell culture cycle is relatively long, and the stability (low failure rate) and accuracy of the controller are higher. In order to prevent damage to cells, plant cell culture generally has light source settings. The equipment is more demanding, and more equipment must be equipped;
• Rotating separators: Due to the long cycle of cell culture, the metabolic waste produced mostly affects cell growth. Therefore, irrigation culture is generally used, and old mediums are continuously discharged to supplement fresh medium. At this time To.

Cell culture fermenter is a hub and core equipment that realizes large -scale cell culture. It is also a popular product of fermenters in biotechnology. It provides a suitable environment for cell growth. It is related to the quality and yield of cell culture. According to a pivotal status in technical research, it is of great significance for achieving large -scale industrial production. According to the cultivation characteristics of cells, it has low shear force, good transfer and liquid mechanics are the principles that must be followed in the design or improvement of cell culture fermenters.